Posted by
hasmik 年月日 Jun 29, 2015 in
日本,
旅行While many of Japan’s historic buildings and districts have been lost due to fires, earthquakes, wars and city redevelopment over the centuries, some cities and towns have managed to preserve a street block or whole district of traditional buildings for residents and tourists to enjoy today. The list below introduces some of Japan’s best preserved historic city districts and towns:
Former Samurai DistrictsMany Japanese cities, including Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya, have developed as castle towns, where the local feudal lord resided in the centrally located castle,
and his retainers, the samurai, lived in the districts surrounding the castle.
As the highest social caste during the Edo Period, the samurai were allowed to construct
elaborate residences with earthen walls and elegant homes. Among the best preserved former samurai districts are the ones of Kakunodate, Hagi and Kanazawa. |
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Hagi
 Former Castle Town |
| A few lanes, lined by the white walls and wooden gates of former samurai mansions are beautifully preserved in the Jokamachi district of Hagi today. Some houses are open to the public. |
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Kanazawa
Nagamachi |
| Narrow lanes and old mansions are preserved in Nagamachi, Kanazawa’s former samurai district. Kanazawa used to be the capital of the Edo Period‘s second wealthiest feudal domain. |
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Kunisaki Peninsula
Kitsuki |
| Kitsuki is unique for having two samurai districts on hills sandwiching a merchant district in the valley in between. They are among the most pleasantly preserved samurai districts in Japan. |
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Tsuwano
 Old Town |
| The highlight of Tsuwano‘s old town is the Tonomachi district where one street block of the former samurai district is particularly nicely preserved with earthen walls, historic buildings and a water canal filled with carps. |
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Matsue
Samurai District |
| Some of Matsue’s former samurai mansions have been preserved along the busy road north of Matsue Castle. Among them is the former residence of Lafcadio Hearn. |
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Usuki
Samurai District |
| The preserved area of Usuki’s samurai district is small but photogenic. Referred to as Nioza Historical Road, it is about 200 meters long. |
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Former Merchant DistrictsIn theory the lowest of the four social castes during the Edo
Period, many merchants actually grew very wealthy. Like all the social castes, the merchants
lived in assigned city districts. Merchant districts are characterized by shop lined streets and warehouses (kura). Among the cities with the most beautifully preserved former merchant
districts are Takayama and Kurashiki. |
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Takayama
 Old Town |
| The narrow streets in Takayama’s old town are lined by traditional buildings, shops and sake breweries. A few former merchant homes are open to the public. |
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Kurashiki
Canal Area |
| Numerous warehouses are preserved along a willow lined canal. Many of the warehouses have been converted into museums, souvenir stores, boutiques and cafes. |
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Uchiko
Yokaichi Old Town |
| A 600 meter long street lined by preserved buildings from the era when the small town of Uchiko on Shikoku gained international fame and wealth as wax producer. |
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Asuka
Imaicho Town |
| Rather than just a district, Imaicho is a whole town whose machiya town house lined streets have been preserved. A couple of merchant houses are open for tourists to enter. |
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Nara
Naramachi |
| Naramachi is the former merchant district of Nara, where several traditional warehouses and residential buildings have survived. One old residence is open to the public for free. |
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Kawagoe
Warehouse District |
| More than a dozen massive warehouses, reminiscent of the Edo Period, are preserved along Kawagoe’s main street. Many of them are now housing stores and restaurants. |
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Narita
Sawara Town |
| A former transport hub for rice shipments into the capital, Sawara’s historic center lies along a canal lined by a few preserved and restored traditional residences, merchant shops and warehouses from the Edo Period. |
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Matsumoto
Nakamachi |
| Nakamachi-dori is a street lined by several nicely preserved, old buildings, including a number of warehouses. Some of them house small shops, restaurants and ryokan. |
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Geisha DistrictsTraditional geisha districts are characterized by the wooden tea houses, in
which the geisha perform during banquets. The most beautiful, traditional geisha quarters are
found in Kyoto and Kanazawa: |
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Kyoto
Gion |
| Gion’s Hanami-koji Street is lined by beautiful old buildings, tea houses and restaurants. In the evenings, you may be able to spot a geisha apprentice. |
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Kanazawa
Higashi Chaya District |
| Kanazawa has multiple geisha districts with several old tea houses, where geisha are still performing at banquets today. Two tea houses are open to the public. |
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Post TownsPost towns were built along the country’s major highways, such as the Tokaido
and Nakasendo, to accommodate and cater to travelers. Only a small number of former post
towns have preserved their Edo Period appearance. The best among them is Tsumago in the
Kiso Valley. |
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Kiso Valley
Tsumago |
| A beautifully preserved post town along the old Nakasendo with most of the town’s buildings dating back to the Edo Period, when they served as lodgings and restaurants. |
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Aizu
Ouchijuku |
| Ouchijuku is a post town along the Aizu-Nishi Kaido trade route, which connected Aizu with Nikko during the Edo Period. It is located about 20 kilometers south of Aizu. |
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Kiso Valley
Narai |
| The wealthiest former post town in the Kiso Valley, Narai stretches over a whole kilometer. Unfortunately, vehicular traffic is not banned along the street. |
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Pilgrimage TownsFor centuries, Japan’s most important temples and shrines have attracted
crowds of pilgrims and tourists, resulting in street blocks, city districts and whole towns,
providing visitors with lodgings, food and souvenirs. |
Farming TownsThe vast majority of Japan’s population in the Edo Period and before was
made up of farmers who typically lived in simple, thatched roof buildings. While single old farm
houses are preserved at open air museums, there are a few remote villages that have
preserved an appearance of past centuries. |
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Kyoto Prefecture
Miyama |
| Miyama is a rural town in the mountains north of Kyoto. It features over two hundred thatched roof houses scattered across its idyllic countryside. Miyama’s Kayabuki no Sato village records the highest percentage of thatched roof buildings of any town in Japan. |
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Port TownsPort towns have been accommodating the fishing and trading industries for
centuries. Over time, some grew into large cities with major international ports, such as Yokohama or Kobe, while others remained remote, small fishing villages. A few of them have preserved an atmosphere of bygone times. |
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Hiroshima Prefecture
Tomonoura |
| Tomonoura is a picturesque port town situated at a bay in Hiroshima Prefecture facing the Seto Inland Sea. It features an endearing fishing townscape and an old town center of many photogenic alleys lined by rustic old houses. In the past, merchant ships traveling along the Seto Inland Sea would dock at Tomonoura while waiting for a favorable tide. |
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Ryukyu VillagesAn independent kingdom for several centuries, the Ryukyu Islands became
part of Japan as Okinawa Prefecture in 1879. Despite past assimilation efforts, the distinct
Ryukyuan culture is proudly surviving today and has become one of Okinawa’s main tourist attractions. |
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Yaeyama Islands
 Taketomi Island |
| The small village consists almost entirely of traditional style, one-storied houses with red tiled roofs, stone walls, ample of lion like shiza statues and white sand roads. |
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